The Neotropical palm swift, Tachornis squamata Cassin, 1853 (Apodidae), inhabits palm forests in the northern, northeastern and central regions of South America. At the Chapada do Apodi, Brazilian Caatinga, we investigated how the Neotropical palm swifts use palm trees to roost in two areas: urban and exurban. From May to November 2011 and from March to June 2012, out of the breeding season of the species, we compared the differences between the descriptive parameters of the palm-roosts and the activity levels of the swifts in urban and exurban roosting. We sampled 30 carnauba palm-roosts in exurban areas and 32 carnauba palm-roosts and 26 Chinese fan palm-roosts in urban areas for a period of 132 days, a total of 528 hours of sampling. The number of wasp nests was greater in carnauba palm-roosts in exurban areas than in palm-roosts in urban areas. However, there were greater numbers of swift nests and swifts in palm-roosts in urban areas than in exurban areas. Moreover, the activity levels (number of entry and exit events of swifts in the palm-roost) during sunrise (05:00-05:20 a.m.) and sunset (05:41-06:00 p.m.) were significantly lower in the exurban area than in the urban area. These results may contribute to establish better management practices for the coexistence between wildlife and humans in cities.

Eventos e estados comportamentais de baleias jubarte durante a temporada reprodutiva foram observados no Litoral Norte da Bahia (LNB) e no Banco dos Abrolhos (BA), para identificar possíveis diferenças nos padrões comportamentais específicos a determinadas composições de grupo. Foram analisados 378 grupos de baleias jubarte no LNB e 919 no BA. Obteve-se uma predominância de duplas e animais solitários em ambas as áreas. No entanto, grupos de "fêmea e filhote" foram mais comumente observados no BA, quando comparados ao LNB. Apesar das duas áreas serem distintas quanto à concentração de baleias jubarte, com diferenças ambientais intrínsecas, obtiveram-se probabilidades de ocorrência das condutas bastante similares para ambas as áreas. Diferenças significativas na probabilidade de ocorrência foram obtidas apenas para as condutas "exposição da caudal" e "repouso". As diferenças obtidas neste estudo, comparando-se as duas regiões amostradas, possivelmente refletem diferenças no status de proteção da área e/ou características ambientais intrínsecas a cada área.

Behavior of humpback whales was observed during the reproductive period off the northern coast of the state of Bahia (NB, n = 378 groups) and at the Abrolhos Bank (AB, n = 919) to compare patterns and group composition between the two locations. Alone individuals and dyads were most often encountered in both areas, although mother-calf pairs were more common in AB. While these two regions comprise distinct concentrations of humpback whales, with intrinsic environmental differences, behavior patterns were quite similar. The only behavioral differences found where for "tail up" and "resting". The patterns found here may reflect differences in the protection status of the areas or intrinsic environmental differences.